MOUTH Study Newsletter 2 (February 2024)

MOUTH Study Newsletter (May 2023)

Oncogenic Oral Human Papillomavirus Clearance Patterns Over 10 years (Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention January 2024) (March, 2024)

口腔和血液中致癌HPV生物标志物的流行 筛查人群:MOUTH研究的基线结果 (Cancer, April 2023)

Prevalence of human papillomavirus in head and neck cancers at tertiary care centers in the United States over time (Cancer, May 2022)

什么是口腔人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)?

HPV是一种性传播感染. HPV可以通过口交传播到口腔或喉咙. Oral HPV infection can lead to cancers of the oropharynx (tonsil, back of tongue).

研究将持续多长时间?

• 没有HPV的人只有一次研究访问
• HPV患者每年将有4次以上的研究访问

Email: [email protected]

Call us: 443-287-8754

• 国际癌症研讨会总结，聚焦于人类 papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharynx cancer, convened by scientists at IARC and NCI  (Oral Oncology, Sep. 2020)
• hpv相关头颈癌研究中心
• 查看网络研讨会的博士. D'Souza and Fakhry 公共卫生基金会(PHF)， 2009年2月. 13, 2019)
• Why Oral Cancer Threatens Men: researchers wrestle with rising rates of throat cancers (Scientific American, Nov. 2018)
• 头颈癌发病率呈上升趋势 (WYPR, Jan. 10, 2017)

A. 的确，男性更容易患口咽癌. 我们不能完全确定原因. There could be some behavioral and immunological differences between men and women that contribute to incidence of the cancer. We know, for instance, that men who have a higher number of oral sex partners and who smoke are at increased risk for having an oral HPV infection. There is also some data that suggests men and women have differences in immune responses when it comes to fighting off HPV infections. For example, 女性可能对生殖器有更强的免疫反应, 2022年HPV暴露率高于男性, which may make them less likely to get infected if exposure to oral HPV later.

A. 目前还没有治疗口腔HPV感染的方法. However, most people who get an infection usually clear the virus on their own within a year or two of getting the infection with no treatment and no interventions. Most people who get an oral HPV infection will never go on to develop the cancer.

A. HPV疫苗可以预防新的HPV感染. 它不能帮助你清除你可能已经感染的HPV. By age 30 most adults have already been exposed to many HPV types and for that reason the vaccine provides only modest benefit in adulthood. 该疫苗主要推荐给9至26岁的男孩和女孩. You can review the CDC website 浏览有关HPV疫苗的指引.

A. 口咽癌的治疗因人而异. 一般来说，治疗方法包括手术、放疗和/或化疗. Patients with HPV-positive tumors respond more readily to treatment and typically live longer than those with HPV-negative head and neck cancers. For more specific information about cancer treatments and outcomes, you can go to the webpage for 约翰霍普金斯hpv相关头颈癌研究中心.

A. 是的，你可能在几年前感染了口腔HPV. Current sexual behavior affects your risk of acquiring new sexually transmitted infections, but some people who are not sexually active still have an infection that they acquired years ago. 大多数HPV感染会在1-2年内自行清除. 但有时感染会持续多年，并可能发展为癌症.

对于大多数性传播感染, 感染者在20多岁时的感染率最高, 人们通常拥有最多的性伴侣, 老年人的患病率较低. 口腔HPV没有遵循这一趋势，我们不确定原因. Studies that looked at how common oral HPV infection is in the general population found there were two peaks of oral HPV prevalence observed, the first among people in their 30s (as expected for sexually transmitted infections), 但第二个高峰出现在60多岁的人群中, 这比第一个高峰还要大.

A. If you are called back for follow-up, it means our study team would like to continue screening you. 随访包括收集与基线访问时相同的样本, completing a brief survey and doing some additional testing: head and neck exam, MRI and ultrasound. Unfortunately, we are not able to disclose any of the sample test results to participants. This is because the tests we perform are part of a research study and as these tests are not FDA approved, 我们的机构审查委员会不允许我们披露结果. However, 附加检查结果:头颈部检查, MRI and ultrasound, 是否可以作为标准的医疗程序给予参与者. 给那些担心风险的人, 记住，口交是很常见的, 口腔HPV感染比较常见, but cancer is rare. 大多数口腔HPV感染会自行清除.

A. The simple answer is no. 虽然市场上有一些测试, currently there are no FDA approved tests to detect oral HPV infection (meaning there are no validated tests). Providers should not be offering testing to their patients using saliva kits because the diagnostic test accuracy 不支持日常使用. 我们不建议任何临床试验和研究之外的测试.

A. 口咽癌的症状包括颈部肿块, difficulty swallowing, ear pain, 咽喉疼痛，咽喉后部有肿块或肿块. 你应该注意你可能遇到的任何异常情况. However, you should also take care to remember that an oral HPV infection usually clears on its own and rarely leads to cancer. 给那些来参加随访的人, 在第二次和第五次(最后一次)考察访问时, a head and neck surgeon will perform an examination and evaluate any symptoms you may be having. If you note any of these symptoms at any time, please don’t hesitate to contact us with questions.

A. Studies have shown that the lifetime risk of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer is low (37 per 10,000 people). However, there is evidence that suggests certain people are at greater risk of getting an oncogenic oral HPV infection, 这种癌症的前兆是什么. 3 .在口腔检测到致瘤性HPV DNA.占所有20-69岁成年人的5%.

男性的感染率高于女性(6).0% vs 1.1%). Infection is more common in people with a higher number of lifetime oral sexual partners and with smoking tobacco. 在20-59岁的男性中, for example, oncogenic 口腔HPV感染比较常见 among those who have ≥5 lifetime oral sexual partners and smoke (14%) but is rare in men the same age with
≤1个终生口交伴侣(1.7%).

在没有症状的人身上, 目前不建议进行筛查(益处不大于危害). The purpose of the MOUTH study is to help figure out how to best screen people for HPV-related throat cancer and what markers may find people who are at higher risk.